The goal of the presented paper is to provide an introduction to the basiccomputational models used in quantum information theory. We review variousmodels of quantum Turing machine, quantum circuits and quantum random accessmachine (QRAM) along with their classical counterparts. We also provide anintroduction to quantum programming languages, which are developed using theQRAM model. We review the syntax of several existing quantum programminglanguages and discuss their features and limitations.
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